Mental Health

Schizophrenia is no longer diagnosed with subtypes. It's considered a chronic mental health condition that exists on a spectrum. Schizophrenia interferes with a person's perception of reality. People with schizophrenia face emotional difficulties and trouble thinking rationally and clearly. They also have challenges in their relationships with others. This article will discuss the former schizophrenia subtypes, including why they are no longer used for diagnosis, though can be helpful for providers who treat people living with schizophrenia. Verywell / Cindy Chung Why the DSM-5 Eliminated Schizophrenia Types Until the most recent version of the  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders  ( DSM-5 ) was published in 2013, schizophrenia was officially recognized as having five distinct subtypes: Paranoid Disorganized/ hebephrenic Residual Catatonic Undifferentiated However, mental health expe...

Mood disorders are psychiatric conditions characterized by prolonged and pervasive emotional disturbances affecting the way a person thinks, feels, and acts. The term refers to depressive disorders and bipolar disorders, including their subtypes. This article will cover the conditions that fall under the mood disorder category, as well as characteristics and causes of mood disorders, what to know about getting diagnosed with a mood disorder and common treatment options available. Fiordaliso / Getty Images Mood Disorders in Psychology and Psychiatry In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), mood disorders (affective disorders) are categorized as either depressive disorders or bipolar and related disorders. Subtypes are defined below. Major depressive disorder Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression, affects the way a person feels, thinks, and acts. Symptoms in...

Abstract Bipolar disorder is a heterogenous condition with a varied clinical presentation. While progress has been made in identifying genetic variants associated with bipolar disorder, most common genetic variants have not yet been identified. More detailed phenotyping (beyond diagnosis) may increase the chance of finding genetic variants. Our aim therefore was to identify clinical characteristics that index genetic differences in bipolar disorder. We performed a systematic review of all genome-wide molecular genetic, family, and twin studies investigating familial/genetic influences on the clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder. We performed an electronic database search of PubMed and PsycInfo until October 2022. We reviewed title/abstracts of 2693 unique records and full texts of 391 reports, identifying 445 relevant analyses from 142 different reports. These reports described 199 analyses from family studies, 183 analyses from molecular genetic studies and 63 analyses from ot...

A t her lowest point, Karen Arthur came within a hair's breadth of killing herself. Having been signed off from her teaching job with anxiety, which she had not then connected with going through the menopause, the 51-year-old had booked a few days away from home to try to clear her head. A long walk in the country brought her to a spot notorious for suicide attempts. At that stage, she says, she had not considered how she might kill herself, but she had put her affairs in order for her two daughters, who were away at university. "I did think it would be easier if I wasn't here. The kids would get the house, the mortgage paid off." This moment, she says, was her turning point. "I remember thinking how desperate you have to be … And thinking very lucidly: 'I don't want to die, I don't want to kill myself, that's too real for me.'" Instead, she walked to the nearest pub, ordered chips and a hot chocolate with rum. Then "I took my journa...