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The Emotional Toll of Grad School - Scientific American

The Emotional Toll of Grad School Scientific American

A recent Harvard study concluded that graduate students are over three times more likely than the average American to experience mental health disorders and ...

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Appraising the causal relationship between plasma caffeine levels and neuropsychiatric disorders through Mendelian ... - BMC Medicine

Study overview This study applied a two-sample MR design with publicly available summary-level data taken from meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) as well as the FinnGen study, which was not included in any of the GWAS meta-analyses (Fig. 1). Outcomes included in this study were anorexia nervosa, bipolar disorder, MDD, and schizophrenia. Brief information about the used data sources for plasma caffeine and outcomes are described below. More comprehensive details for each GWAS are described in the corresponding articles [9,10,11,12,13,14]. Fig. 1 Study design overview (created with BioRender.com). AHR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; CYP1A2, cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2); GWAS, genome-wide association study Full size image Data sources Plasma caffeine GWAS Cornelis et al. performed a meta-analysis of summary statistics from six plasma caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) GWASs comprising 9876 participants of mainly European ancestry, with mean ages between 47 and 7...

Treating bipolar disorder in primary care | IJGM - Dove Medical Press

Introduction Bipolar disorder, encompassing bipolar 1 and bipolar 2 disorders, is a chronic, functionally impairing mental illness with a lifetime prevalence of 1% and with onset prior to age 25 in the majority of patients. 1 The burdens faced by individuals with bipolar disorder are enormous: early mortality of 10 or more years, 2–4 substantially elevated rates of suicide and suicide attempt, 3 a large burden of disability despite a low prevalence relative to other psychiatric diagnoses (bipolar disorder accounts for approximately 7% of all mental illness-related disability worldwide), 5 and a large economic burden - total societal costs associated with bipolar 1 disorder in the US are approximately 80,000 US dollars per individual per year. 6 Bipolar disorder is characterized by periods of depression and mania/hypomania. Although mania/hypomania are the hallmarks of bipolar disorder, these individuals experience depressive symptoms far more frequently. A 20 year prospective...

This Is What a Mixed Bipolar Episode Feels Like - Self

Bipolar disorder is a condition in which a person experiences dramatic shifts in mood and energy, but at severities that are different from the mood changes the average person goes through. But a common misconception about bipolar disorder is that a person with the diagnosis only experiences two distinct moods: either really high highs (mania), or really low lows (depression). For starters, people with bipolar disorder are not always experiencing symptoms, known as bipolar “episodes.” Plus, these episodes aren't always as simple as high or low. Many episodes that people with a bipolar diagnosis experience are considered “mixed” episodes, sometimes also described as “switching” episodes, or manic/hypomanic or depressive episodes with mixed features. A mixed episode signals that the person is experiencing both aspects of mania or hypomania as well as symptoms of bipolar depression. Before we get into mixed episodes, let’s go over what constitutes a standard episode of mood eleva...

How extreme isolation warps the mind - BBC.com

By Michael Bond (Getty Images) When people are isolated from human contact, their mind can do some truly bizarre things, says Michael Bond. Why does this happen? Sarah Shourd's mind began to slip after about two months into her incarceration. She heard phantom footsteps and flashing lights, and spent most of her day crouched on all fours, listening through a gap in the door. That summer, the 32-year-old had been hiking with two friends in the mountains of Iraqi Kurdistan when they were arrested by Iranian troops after straying onto the border with Iran. Accused of spying, they were kept in solitary confinement in Evin prison in Tehran, each in their own tiny cell. She endured almost 10,000 hours with little human contact before she was freed. One of the most disturbing effects was the hallucinations. "In the periphery of my vision, I began to see flashing lights, only to jerk my head around to find that nothing was there," she wrote in the New York Times in 2011 . "A...

ShiftTok: Reality shifting TikTok trend can be dangerous, experts say - Insider

Reality shifting has become a popular TikTok trend as people think they can access alternate worlds. Experts say it's often harmless but could exacerbate mental health conditions in some people. In extreme cases, shifters are encouraged to die in order to permanently change realities. Loading Something is loading. "We're actually shifting dozens of times in every moment that we...

Mental health groups press for new funding from NY lawmakers - San Luis Obispo Tribune

Mental health groups press for new funding from NY lawmakers San Luis Obispo Tribune

New Directions for Insomnia and Bipolar Disorder - Psychiatric Times

SPECIAL REPORT: COMORBIDITIES The average patient with bipolar disorder (BD) spends half their life struggling with mood symptoms and the other half struggling with sleep. 1,2 Insomnia persists in 70% of patients even when their mood is stable, and these sleep problems put them at risk for more episodes of mania and depression ( Table 1 ). 2 Some clinicians are liberal with hypnotics, while others prefer the lower abuse potential of sedating antidepressants like trazodone. Both these approaches have problems. Fortunately, there are also new therapies that improve mood and sleep by entraining the circadian rhythm ( Table 2 ). Benzodiazepines and Z-Hypnotics It seems intuitive that a benzodiazepine or z-hypnotic (eg, eszopiclone, zaleplon, zolpidem) could halt the progression of insomnia into mania, but the idea has never been adequately tested. These GABAergic hypnotics lack controlled trials in BD, and the few observational studies paint a mixed picture. A chart review of 278 z-hypno...

Role of Melatonin in the Management of Substance Addiction: A Systematic Review - Cureus

Substance addiction is characterized by compulsive drug-seeking behavior, development of tolerance over prolonged use, and withdrawal symptoms in its absence [1]. Drug abuse has emerged as a serious concern, adversely affecting the physical and mental health of an individual and their socioeconomic well-being. According to World Health Organization (WHO) report, more than 35 million people are affected by substance addiction across the globe [2]. In India, about six million people require medical treatment for substance addiction every year [3]. Psychostimulant substances can affect several neural circuits which are involved in various cognitive functions such as reward, motivation, learning, memory, and decision making [4]. It can also disrupt the sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythm, which are well documented in almost all types of substance addiction [5-9]. A study by Schierenbeck et al. showed that both stimulants (cocaine, amphetamine) and depressants (benzodiazepines,...

Religious Delusions in Bipolar Disorder - Verywell Mind

Religious delusions are a type of delusion with religious content. Although there are no clear guidelines to differentiate normal religious beliefs from pathological ones, a belief is generally only considered delusional if it is idiosyncratic, grandiose, and not an accepted part of a particular culture or subculture.   Researchers note that there is no consensus on where the boundary between religious belief and psychopathology lies.   Having an increased focus on religion or religious activities is a possible symptom of mania and hypomania in bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme shifts in mood, activity, and energy levels. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), approximately 4.4% of people in the United States experience bipolar disorder at some point during their lives. At a Glance Religious delusions can occur in bipolar disorder and other mental health conditi...

What Is High Functioning Schizophrenia? - PsychCentral.com

Science suggests people with high functioning schizophrenia can develop coping skills to thrive at work, school, and in their communities. Current science spotlights the positive coping tools, attitudes, and stories of people with schizophrenia, a chronic and serious mental health condition. Of particular interest are those who engage meaningfully with their work, studies, and communities. People with schizophrenia who socialize and work while managing their symptoms are sometimes referred to as having "high functioning schizophrenia." While specific strengths may prepare people with high functioning schizophrenia for success, their clinical diagnosis remains the same as others with schizophrenia. People with high functioning schizophrenia often report that symptoms like distorted thinking and hallucinations never entirely disappear. Still, those with high functioning schizophrenia can lead successful lives. If you are among the estimated 24 million people worldwide living w...

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The Emotional Toll of Grad School - Scientific American

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"living with bipolar 1" - Google News

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