Mental Health

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Some people may have a genetic risk of developing bipolar disorder. Specific brain changes and environmental factors may trigger the disorder. Bipolar disorder causes changes in a person's mood and energy. These rapid and intense shifts in emotions can affect their ability to function. Mood episodes are categorized into: manic hypomanic depressive A distinct change in behavior marks these mood episodes. No single factor seems to be responsible for the development of bipolar disorder. Researchers continue to try to determine the causes so that more effective treatments can be developed. What's the genetic aspect of bipolar disorder? Research in genetics and bipolar disorder is fairly new. However, according to the American Psychological Association, 80-90% of people with bipolar disorder have a relative with bipolar disorder or depression. Inherited risk According to the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, someone with a parent or sibling with bipolar diso...

Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is an over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine for allergies and sleep. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates the body's circadian rhythm (the sleep-wake cycle). It's also available as a dietary supplement. Like Benadryl, it's often used for sleep disturbances like insomnia (trouble falling or staying asleep). There's some controversy over whether these two medicines are safe to take together. Read on for recommendations. Young female in pink pajamas taking medicine or vitamins before bed at night. Antonio_Diaz / Getty Images Can You Take Benadryl and Melatonin? The short answer is no unless your healthcare provider recommends it and carefully monitors you. These medicines are both sedating and can cause similar side effects, such as: Discussing your sleep concerns with a healthcare provider is best if one sleep medicine isn't doing the trick, rather than adding more medicines. B...

Abstract Some data suggest that antipsychotics may adversely affect brain structure. We examined the relationship among olanzapine exposure, relapse, and changes in brain structure in patients with major depressive disorder with psychotic features. We analyzed data from the Study of the Pharmacotherapy of Psychotic Depression II trial (STOP-PD II), a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in patients with psychotic depression who attained remission on sertraline and olanzapine and were randomized to continue sertraline plus olanzapine or placebo for 36 weeks. Olanzapine steady state concentration (SSC) were calculated based on sparsely-sampled levels. Rates of relapse and changes in brain structure were assessed as outcomes. There were significant associations between dosage and relapse rates ( N  = 118; HR = 0.94, 95% CI [0.897, 0.977], p  = 0.002) or changes in left cortical thickness ( N  = 44; B = −2.0 × 10 −3 , 95% CI [−3.1 × 10 −3 , −9.6 × 10 −4 ], p  < 0.001) and between SS...

The term psychological disorders is sometimes used to refer to what are more frequently known as mental disorders or psychiatric disorders. Mental disorders are patterns of behavioral or psychological symptoms that impact multiple areas of life. These disorders create distress for the person experiencing the symptoms. The DSM-5-TR lists hundreds of distinct conditions. Anxiety and depression are among the most common types of mental health conditions that people experience. While the DSM provides diagnostic information about such conditions, including the age at which they typically appear, it does not provide guidelines for treatment or predictions related to the course of illness. While not a comprehensive list of every mental disorder, the following list includes some of the major categories of disorders described in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the fifth edition...